NCERT Solutions For Class 12 Political Science Chapter 7 - Globalisation

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94. Which of the statements are ‘True’ about globalisation?

(a) Globalisation is purely an economic phenomenon.
(b) Globalisation began in 1991.
(c) Globalisation is the same thing as westernisation.
(d) Globalisation is a multi-dimensional phenomenon.
Ans. (d) Globalisation is a multi-dimensional phenomenon.

95. Which of the statements are ‘True’ about the impact of globalisation?

(a) Globalisation has been uneven in its impact on states and societies.
(b) Globalisation has had a uniform impact on all states and societies.
(c) The impact of globalisation has been confined to the political sphere.
(d) Globalisation inevitably results in cultural homogeneity.
Ans. (a) Globalisation has been uneven in its impact on states and societies.
(b) Globalisation inevitably results in cultural homogeneity.

96. Which of the statements are ‘True’ about causes of globalisation?

(a) Technology is an important cause of globalisation.
(b) Globalisation is caused by a particular community of people.
(c) Globalisation originated in the US.
(d) Economic interdependence alone causes globalisation.
Ans. (a) Technology is an important cause of globalisation.
(b) It originated in the US.

97. Which statements are ‘true’ about globalisation?

(a) Globalisation is only about movement of commodities.
(b) Globalisation does not involve a conflict of values.
(c) Services are an insignificant part of globalisation.
(d) Globalisation is about worldwide interconnectedness.
Ans. (b) Globalisation does not involve a conflict of values.
(d) Globalisation is about worldwide interconnectedness.

98. Which of the statements are False about globalisation?

(a) Advocates of globalisation argue that it will result in greater economic growth.
(b) Critics of globalisation argue that it will result in greater economic disparity.
(c) Advocates of globalisation argue that it will result in cultural homogenisation.
(d) Critics of globalisation argue that it will result in cultural homogenisation.
Ans. The statements (b) and (d) are false about globalisation.

99. What is worldwide interconnectedness? What are its components?

Ans. The worldwide interconnectedness implies to interlink the world through free flow of goods and services, technology, ideas and people across the globe to extend globalisation.

This contains three components:

Capital Flow: It is the flow of resources through loans or business investments among the countries.
Trade Flows of Goods: It refers to exchange of goods among countries.
Labour Flow: It refers to ‘Brain drain’ by creating favourable conditions for employment.

100. How has technology contributed to globalisation?

Ans. Technology has contributed to globalisation in the following way:

The invention of the telegraph, the telephone and the microchip has revolutionised communication.
The ability of ideas, capital, commodings and people to move more easilly from one part of the world to another has been possible largely by technologies.
The technological advancement has encouraged export and imports of goods. This has resulted in the increase in trade reasons between countries also contributed
to the growth of railways, ship, airways and future innovation for easier transportation of goods and mobility of people.
Which is result technology has reduced the physical distance and increased inter connectedness worldwide.

101. Critically evaluate the impact of the changing role of the state in the developing countries in the light of globalisation.

Ans. In the right of globalisation the states generate an impact on the developing countries in the following way.

The old ‘Welfare state’ is now giving way to a more minimalist state that performs the functions such as maintenance of law and order security of its citizens. Now, it is the market that determines the economic and social priorities.
The state continues to discharge its essential functions (law of order, national security) and consciously withdraws from certain domains from which it wish to.
In some respect, state capacity has recived about as a consequence of globalisation. With enhanced technologies available at disposal of the state to collect information about its citizens.
The entry and the increased role of multinational companies has lead in reduction in capacity of government to take decision on its own.

102. What are the economic implications of globalisation? How has globalistion impacted on India with regard to this particular dimension?

Ans. Positive economic implications:

It involves greater economic flows among different countries of the world.
Economic globalisation leads to flow or exchange of commodities, capital, people and ideas across national boundaries.
Globalisation has also led to the flow of ideas across national boundaries. This has spread internet and computer related services across national boundaries.
The restriction on the movement of capital across countries have also been reduced.

Negative economic implications:

Same set of policies do not lead to similar economic results across the different nations.
It has created an intense division of opinion all over the would. Those who are concerned about social justice are worried about the extent of state withdrawal caused by process of economic globalisation.
It creates disparities among states that is by making the rich more richer and the pair more poorer.
It does not have equality at par as the movement of people across the globe because the developed countries have carefully guarded their boundaries with visa policies to ensure job security to their citizens.

103. Do you agree with the argument that globalisation leads to cultural heterogeneity?

Ans. It is true that globalisation leads to cultural heterogeneity. Globalisation does give rise to a uniform global culture i.e. cultural homogeneity, but it also causes an exactly opposite effect called cultural heterogeneity.

104. How has globalisation impacted on India and how is India in turn impacting on globalisation?

Ans. Impact of Globalisation on India:

With the Multi-National companies has been set up which has generated new job opportunities.
India has opened up its market and transformed its economy from a protected economy to open economy.
Foreign Direct Investment have also increased.
It has invited the inflow of private foreign capital and export -oriented activities.

India’s impact on globalisation:

In 1991 as the response to a financial crisis, the Indian economy was liberalised to attract foreign trade and foreign investment.
With its large population speaking English, there has been a lot of out sourcing to India in the form of call centre.
To promote globalisation, India has adopted an open economy.
Private sectors were permitted to expand in the country.