Nazism and the Rise of Hitler Class 9 Notes History - Chapter 3

Chapter: 3

What are Nazism And The Rise Of Hitler ?

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Important Dates

First World War (1914-1918)
In May 1945, Germany surrendered to the Allies and the US dropping of the atombomb on Hiroshima in Japan.
The Allies, strengthened by the US entry in 1917, won, defeating Germany and the Central Powers in November 1918.
The Allied armies also occupied the resource-rich Rhineland for much of the 1920s.
Political radicalisation was only heightened by the economic crisis of 1923.
On one single day, 24 October, 13 million shares were sold. This was the start of the Great Economic Depression 1929 and 1932, the national income of the USA fell by half.
Wall Street Exchange crashed in 1929.
In 1919, Hitler joined a small group called the German Workers’ Party.
By 1932, Nazi Party had become the largest party with 37 per cent votes.
Hitler - Born in 1889 in Austria
In 1928, the Nazi Party got no more than 2.6 per cent votes in the Reichstag – the German parliament.
On 30 January 1933, President Hindenburg offered the Chancellorship, the highest position in the cabinet of ministers, to Hitler.
On 3 March 1933, the famous Enabling Act was passed. This Act established dictatorship in Germany.
The Fire Decree of 28 February 1933 indefinitely suspended civic rights like freedom of speech, press and assembly that had been guaranteed by the Weimar constitution.
In foreign policy also Hitler acquired quick successes. He pulled out of the League of Nations in 1933, reoccupied the Rhineland in 1936, and integrated Austria and Germany in 1938.
In September 1939, Germany invaded Poland.
By the end of 1940, Hitler was at the pinnacle of his power.
Hitler attacked the Soviet Union in June 1941.
The Second World war ended in May 1945 with Hitler’s defeat and the US dropping of the atom bomb on Nagasaki and Hiroshima in Japan.

Important Personalities

Adolf Hitler: Founder of the Nazi Party, he led Germany during the Second World War and committed suicide on 30th April 1945.
Franklin D: The only American President to enjoy four successive terms in office. He led the USA during the Second World War and introduced the New Deal.
General Von Paulus: Commander of the German 6th army which was forced to surrender at Stalingrad in February 1943. This defeat shattered belief in the invincibility of Hitler's army.
President Harry S: The American President who was responsible for dropping two atomic bombs on Nagasaki and Hiroshima and forcing Japan to surrender thus bringing the Second World War to an end.
Winston Churchill: A great leader, author and orator, he led Britain to victory during the Second World War.
General Tojo: The Prime Minister of Japan who adopted an aggressive foreign policy and was responsible for the attack on Pearl Harbour which brought America into the Second World War.