India-Location Class 11 Notes Geography Chapter 1 - CBSE

Chapter : 1

What Are India-Location ?

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India is the seventh-largest country in the world, with a total area of 3.28 million sq. km which is 2.42% of the world’s area.
India and its Neighbours : Myanmar, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka (separated from India by Mannar and Palk Strait), the Maldives, Pakistan, China, Nepal, Bhutan.
The Indian mainland stretches from Kashmir to Kanniyakumari in the south and Arunachal Pradesh to Gujarat in the east. India’s territorial limit stretches out to the sea for up to 12 nautical miles (approximately 21.9 km) from the shore.
India is completely located in the Northern Hemisphere. Between latitudes 8°4’N (Kanniyakumari) and 37°6’N (Indira col, Jammu and Kashmir) and longitudes 68° 7’E (Dwarka, Gujarat) and 97° 25’E (Indira col, Jammu and Kashmir), the mainland expands (Arunachal Pradesh).
The southern part of the country lies within the tropics and the northern part lies in the subtropical zone or the warm temperate zone. This location is responsible for large variations in landforms, climate, soil types, and natural vegetation in the country.
There is a variation of nearly 30° from west to east in India, which causes a time difference of nearly two hours between the country’s easternmost and the westernmost parts.
India’s land length is 15,200 km and it has a coastline of 6,100 km on the mainland and 7,517 km on the entire
geographical coast of the mainland, plus the island groups Andaman and Nicobar located in the Bay of Bengal and the Lakshadweep in the Arabian Sea. Thus, as a country, India is a physically diverse land providing the occurrence of varied resources.
India is located in the south-central part of the continent of Asia, bordering the Indian ocean and its two arms extending in the form of the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea. This maritime location of Peninsular India has provided links to its neighbouring regions through the sea and air routes.
Sri Lanka and the Maldives are the two island countries located in the Indian Ocean, which are the neighbours.
Sri Lanka is separated from India by Mannar and Palk Strait Gulf.