Matter in Our Surroundings Class 9 Notes Science - Chapter 1

Chapter: 1

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1t8u7HmxGQ1OPKonxlj0VwABCz7nmTnTD/view

Anything that occupies space and has mass is called Matter.

Solid	Liquid	Gas
Definite shape	No definite shape	No definite shape
Distinct boundaries and fixed volume	Fixed volume	No fixed volume
Not compressible	Can be compressible	Highly compressible
Cannot flow	Can flow	Can flow
Very less inter-particle space	Inter-particle spaces are more than in solids	Large inter-particle space is available
Maximum density	Density is between that of the solids and gases	Minimum density
Negligible rate of diffusion	Density is between that of the solids and gases	Maximum rate of diffusion
Inter-particle attraction is maximum	Rate of diffusion depends on inter-particle attraction	Inter-particle attraction is minimum
	Inter-particle attraction is medium

The temperature at which a solid melts to become a liquid at the atmospheric pressure is called its melting point.
The temperature at which a liquid starts boiling at the atmospheric pressure is known as its boiling point. Boiling is a bulk phenomenon.
The phase change phenomenon where the substance is transformed form liquid state to solid state is known as freezing point.
The phenomenon of changing of a liquid into its vapour state at any temperature below its boiling point is called evaporation. Evaporation is a surface phenomenon.

Factors affecting Evaporation

The change of the state of matter from the gas phase into liquid is known as condensation, it is reverse of evaporation.
A change of state directly from solid to gas without changing into liquid state (or vice versa) is called sublimation.
The phase change from the gaseous state to a solid state, without passing through the liquid state, is called deposition or re-sublimation.

Some Measurable Quantities and there Units