Matter in Our Surroundings Class 9 Notes Science - Chapter 1
Matter in Our Surroundings Class 9 Notes: Everything around us is made of matter. The air we breathe, the water we drink, and the objects we use daily are all forms of matter. In Chapter 1 of Class 9 Science, titled Matter in Our Surroundings, you will learn about the different states of matter, their properties, and how they change under different conditions.
Our matter in our surroundings Class 9 notes thoroughly explain these CBSE concepts. These Class 9 Science Notes Chapter 1 cover CBSE Key Notes, Short Key Notes, CBSE Revision Notes, examples, images, and diagrams of Chapter 1 to help you understand the topic easily. Whether you are revising or preparing for exams, these Class 9 matter in our surroundings notes will make your learning smooth.
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CBSE Class 9 Science Notes Chapter - 1 Matter In Our Surroundings
What is Matter?
Anything that occupies space and has mass is called Matter.
Physical Nature Of Matter
- Matter is made up of particles.
- The particles of matter are very small they are small beyond our imagination.
Characteristics Of Particles Of Matter
- Particles of matter have space between them.
- Particles of matter are continuously moving.
- Particles of matter attract each other.
States Of Matter
- There are three states of matter namely solid, liquid and gas.
- The main difference between these states of matter are given below:
States Of Matter - Matter in Our Surroundings Class 9 Notes
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Effect Of Temperature
- The temperature at which a solid melts to become a liquid at the atmospheric pressure is called its melting point.
- The temperature at which a liquid starts boiling at the atmospheric pressure is known as its boiling point. Boiling is a bulk phenomenon.
- The phase change phenomenon where the substance is transformed form liquid state to solid state is known as freezing point.
- The phenomenon of changing of a liquid into its vapour state at any temperature below its boiling point is called evaporation. Evaporation is a surface phenomenon.
Factors affecting Evaporation
- An increase in surface area increases evaporation.
- An increase in temperature increases the rate of evaporation.
- A decrease in humidity increases the rate of evaporation.
- An increase in wind speed increases the rate of evaporation.
- Evaporation causes cooling effect.
- The change of the state of matter from the gas phase into liquid is known as condensation, it is reverse of evaporation.
- A change of state directly from solid to gas without changing into liquid state (or vice versa) is called sublimation.
- The phase change from the gaseous state to a solid state, without passing through the liquid state, is called deposition or re-sublimation.
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Some Measurable Quantities and there Units
| Quantity | Unit | Symbol |
| Temperature | Kelvin | K |
| Length | Metre | m |
| Mass | Kilogram | Kg |
| Weight | Newton | N |
| Volume | Cubic metre | m3 |
| Density | Kilogram per cubic metre | Kg/m3 |
| Pressure | Pascal | Pa |
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