NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 6 Manufacturing Industries

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Q A factory produces aluminium saucepans with plastic handles. It obtains aluminium from a smelter and a plastic component from another factory. All the manufactured saucepans are sent to a warehouse :

(i) (a) Which raw material is likely to be most expensive to transport and why ?
(b) Which raw material is likely to be the cheapest to transport and why ?
(ii) Do you think the cost of transporting the finished products after packaging is likely to be cheaper or more expensive than the cost of transporting aluminium and plastic? Why ?

Ans. (i) (a) Aluminum is supposed to be an expensive raw material because it is heavier than plastic, and also the saucepan body is bulkier than the handle.
(b) Plastic is cheaper because it is lighter than aluminium.
(ii) Cost of transporting finished products after packaging will be cheaper because they are likely to be enclosed in rectangular packing boxes, which can be easily transported in larger quantities by proper stacking, either by goods train or by truck.

Q Select one agro-based and one mineral-based industry in your area.

(i) What are the raw materials they use?
(ii) What are the other inputs in the process of manufacturing that involve transportation cost?
(ii) Do you think the cost of transporting the finished products after packaging is likely to be cheaper or more expensive than the cost of transporting aluminium and plastic? Why ?

Ans. One agro-based industry located in my area is the vegetable oil industry. They use sunflower seeds to extract oil. They follow the environment norms by using environment-friendly equipments and send the waste products for recycling.

One mineral-based industry located in my area is the heavy machinery industry. They use iron which they get from the nearby iron ore factory. They follow eco-friendly techniques for manufacturing and dispose the waste in a suitable manner. They do not dump the waste in the nearby river; instead they send it for recycling.

(i) (a) Which raw material is likely to be most expensive to transport and why ?
(b) Which raw material is likely to be the cheapest to transport and why ?
(ii) Do you think the cost of transporting the finished products after packaging is likely to be cheaper or more expensive than the cost of transporting aluminium and plastic? Why ?

Ans. (i) (a) Aluminum is supposed to be an expensive raw material because it is heavier than plastic, and also the saucepan body is bulkier than the handle.
(b) Plastic is cheaper because it is lighter than aluminium.
(ii) Cost of transporting finished products after packaging will be cheaper because they are likely to be enclosed in rectangular packing boxes, which can be easily transported in larger quantities by proper stacking, either by goods train or by truck.