CBSE Class 12 Maths Syllabus 2026-27
CBSE released the Class 12 Mathematics Syllabus for the 2026-27 academic session on April 1, 2026. This syllabus is the official curriculum for students preparing for the Class 12 Board Examination 2027.
The CBSE Class 12 Maths Syllabus 2026-27 defines the units, exam pattern, and marking scheme. It includes unit-wise weightage and chapter-wise structure based on the latest CBSE guidelines.
The syllabus covers key units such as Relations and Functions, Algebra, Calculus, Vectors and Three-Dimensional Geometry, and Probability. CBSE uses this structure to design the board question paper and evaluation.
Students can use this syllabus to plan revision, focus on high-weight chapters, and improve exam performance. Students can also practice with previous year question papers based on this syllabus.
Download the latest CBSE Class 12 Mathematics Syllabus 2026-27 PDF to start focused preparation for the 2027 board exam.
CBSE Class 12 Maths Latest Syllabus 2026-27
CBSE Class 12 Maths Syllabus 2026-27: Unit-wise Summary
| NO | Units | Marks | |
| 1 | Relations and Functions | 08 | |
| 2 | Algebra | 10 | |
| 3 | Calculus | 35 | |
| 4 | Vectors and Three - Dimensional Geometry | 14 | |
| 5 | Linear Programming | 05 | |
| 6 | Probability | 08 | |
| Total | 80 | ||
| Internal Assessment | 20 | ||
Unit-I:
Relations and Functions
1. Relations and Functions
Definition, range, domain, principal value branch. Graphs of inverse trigonometric functions.
2. Inverse Trigonometric Functions
Definition, range, domain, principal value branch. Graphs of inverse trigonometric functions.
Unit-II:
Algebra
1. Matrices
Concept, notation, order, equality, types of matrices, zero and identity matrix, transpose of a matrix, symmetric and skew symmetric matrices. Operations on matrices: Addition and multiplication and multiplication with a scalar. Simple properties of addition, multiplication and scalar multiplication. Non- commutativity of multiplication of matrices and existence of non-zero matrices whose product is the zero matrix (restrict to square matrices of order 2). Invertible matrices and proof of the uniqueness of inverse, if it exists; (Here all matrices will have real entries).
2. Determinants
Determinant of a square matrix (up to 3 x 3 matrices), minors, co-factors and applications of determinants in finding the area of a triangle. Adjoint and inverse of a square matrix. Consistency, inconsistency and number of solutions of system of linear equations by examples, solving system of linear equations in two or three variables (having unique solution) using inverse of a matrix.
Unit-III:
Calculus
1. Continuity and Differentiability
Continuity and differentiability, chain rule, derivative of composite functions, derivative of inverse trigonometric functions, 𝑙𝑖𝑘𝑒 sin−1 𝑥 , cos−1 𝑥 and tan−1 𝑥, derivative of implicit functions. Concept of exponential and logarithmic functions.
Derivatives of logarithmic and exponential functions. Logarithmic differentiation, derivative of functions expressed in parametric forms. Second order derivatives.
2. Applications of Derivatives
Applications of derivatives: rate of change of quantities, increasing/decreasing functions, maxima and minima (first derivative test motivated geometrically and second derivative test given as a provable tool). Simple problems (that illustrate basic principles and understanding of the subject as well as real- life situations).
3. Integrals
Integration as inverse process of differentiation. Integration of a variety of functions by substitution, by partial fractions and by parts, Evaluation of simple integrals of the following types and problems based on them.
$$\int\frac{dx}{x^2 ± a^2}\int\frac{dx}{\sqrt{x^2 ± a^2}},\int\frac{dx}{\sqrt{x^2 - a^2}},\int\frac{dx}{ax^2 +bx+c},\int\frac{dx}{\sqrt{ax^2 +bx+c}}\\\int\frac{px+q}{ax^2 +bx+c}dx,\int\frac{px+q}{\sqrt{ax^2 +bx+c}}dx,\int{\sqrt{a^2 +x^2}}dx,\int{\sqrt{x^2 -a^2}}dx,\\\int{\sqrt{ax^2 +bx+c}}\space dx,$$
Fundamental Theorem of Calculus (without proof). Basic properties of definite integrals and evaluation of definite integrals.
4. Applications of the Integrals
Applications in finding the area under simple curves, especially lines, circles/ parabolas/ellipses (in standard form only)
5. Differential Equations
Definition, order and degree, general and particular solutions of a differential equation. Solution of differential equations by method of separation of variables, solutions of homogeneous differential equations of first order and first degree. Solutions of linear differential equation of the type:
$$\frac{dy}{dx}+py=q,\text{where p and q are functions of x or constants.}\\\frac{dx}{dy}+px=q,\text{where p and q are functions of y or constants.}$$
Unit-IV:
Vectors and Three-Dimensional Geometry
1. Vectors
Vectors and scalars, magnitude and direction of a vector. Direction cosines and direction ratios of a vector. Types of vectors (equal, unit, zero, parallel and collinear vectors), position vector of a point, negative of a vector, components of a vector, addition of vectors, multiplication of a vector by a scalar, position vector of a point dividing a line segment in a given ratio. Definition, Geometrical Interpretation, properties and application of scalar (dot) product of vectors, vector (cross) product of vectors.
2. Three - dimensional Geometry
Direction cosines and direction ratios of a line joining two points. Cartesian equation and vector equation of a line, skew lines, shortest distance between two lines. Angle between two lines.
Unit-V:
Linear Programming
1. Linear Programming
Introduction, related terminology such as constraints, objective function, optimization, graphical method of solution for problems in two variables, feasible and infeasible regions (bounded or unbounded), feasible and infeasible solutions, optimal feasible solutions (up to three non-trivial constraints).
Unit-VI:
Probability
1. Probability
Conditional probability, multiplication theorem on probability, independent events, total probability, Bayes’ theorem.
CBSE Class 12 Mathematics Standard Question Paper Design 2026-27
Time: 3 Hours
Max. Marks: 80
| S. | Typology of Questions | Total | % |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Remembering: Exhibit memory of previously learned material by recalling facts, terms, basic concepts, and answers. Understanding: Demonstrate understanding of facts and ideas by organizing, comparing, translating, interpreting, giving descriptions, and stating main ideas | 44 | 55 |
| 2 | Applying: Solve problems to new situations by applying acquired knowledge, facts, techniques and rules in a different way. | 20 | 25 |
| 3 | Analysing : Examine and break information into parts by identifying motives or causes. Make inferences and find evidence to support generalizations Evaluating: Present and defend opinions by making judgments about information, validity of ideas, or quality of work based on a set of criteria. Creating: Compile information together in a different way by combining elements in a new pattern or proposing alternative solutions | 16 | 20 |
| Total | 80 | 100 |
Internal Assessment
| Internal assessment | 20 Marks |
| Periodic Tests ( Best 2 out of 3 tests conducted) | 10 Marks |
| Mathematics Activities | 10 Marks |
The Changes for Class 12 (2026-27) Year-end Board Examinations are as under:
| (Class-12) | ||
| Periodic Assessment | Academic Session 2025-26 | Academic Session 2026-27 |
| Composition of question paper for year-end examination/ Board Examination (Theory) |
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